Abstract
: This study investigates the influence of four experiential dimensions—social, cognitive, affective, and hedonic—on consumer buying behavior in Bahrain’s beauty and personal care market. Drawing on the Theory of Reasoned Action and Social Learning Theory, the study develops and tests a conceptual framework using data collected from 385 consumers through a structured survey. Employing multiple regression analysis, the findings reveal that social experience is the strongest positive predictor of consumer behavior (? = 0.824, p < 0.001), followed by hedonic (? = 0.235, p < 0.001) and affective experiences (? = 0.112, p < 0.001). Surprisingly, cognitive experience has a statistically significant but negative influence on buying behavior (? = –0.081, p = 0.001), suggesting that rational deliberation may inhibit impulsive or emotion-driven consumption in this sector. These results underscore the dominant role of emotional and social factors in shaping purchase decisions and offer critical implications for marketers targeting beauty consumers in Gulf countries. The study contributes to both experiential consumer behavior theory and Middle Eastern consumer research, proposing strategies for personalized engagement and experience-based marketing.
References
Al-Khalifa, M. K., Sakti, M. R., & Alhadrami, A. (2021). Assessing the online purchasing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case study in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business, 9(1), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.14421/grieb.2021.091-08
Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (1977). Social learning theory (Vol. 1, pp. 141–154). Prentice Hall.
Bhatt, K. (2018). A study on consumer buying behavior towards cosmetic products. International Journal of Engineering Technology Science and Research, 5(1), 51–54.
Brakus, J. J., Schmitt, B. H., & Zarantonello, L. (2009). Brand experience: What is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 52–68. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.73.3.052
Bustamante, J. C., & Rubio, N. (2017). Measuring customer experience in physical retail environments. Journal of Service Management, 28(5), 884–906. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-12-2016-0331
Esmaeilpour, M., & Mohseni, Z. (2019). Effect of customer experiences on consumer purchase intention. The Romanian Economic Journal, 22(72), 19–32.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Addison-Wesley.
Gomes, A. M. (2018). Influencing factors of consumer behaviour in retail shops. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3225102
Haq, M. A., & Abbasi. (2016). Indirect impact of hedonic consumption and emotions on impulse purchase behavior: A double mediation model. Journal of Management Sciences, 108–122. https://doi.org/10.20547/jms.2014.1603202
Hayat, O. A., & Victor, S. (2020). Factors affecting consumer purchasing behavior among customers of electronics retail industry in Bahrain. iKSP Journal of Innovative Writings, 1(2), 1–10.
Kim, Y.-K., & Sullivan, P. (2019). Emotional branding speaks to consumers’ heart: The case of fashion brands. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 6(1), 13–27.
Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding customer experience throughout the customer journey. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0420
Naranje, P. (2018). A study on factors influencing buying behaviour of customers. Institute of Science, Poona College of Computer Sciences Journal, 2(3), 45–52.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Raosoft. (2022). Sample size calculator. http://www.raosoft.com/samplesize.html
Recker, A. (2021). The effects of consumer knowledge and values on attitudes and purchase intentions. Journal of Business and Economics, 12(1), 14–26.
Reporter Linker. (2022). Bahrain cosmetics industry outlook 2022–2026.
Roz, B. W. (2021). Hedonic shopping motivation and impulse buying: The effect of website quality on customer satisfaction. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(5), 395–405. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no5.0395
Schmitt, B. (1999). Experiential marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1–3), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725799784870496
Shahpasandi, F. Z. (2020). Consumers' impulse buying behavior on Instagram: Examining the influence of flow experiences and hedonic browsing. Journal of Internet Commerce, 19(4), 435–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2020.1829973
Shavinina, L. V., & Kholodnaja, M. A. (2017). The cognitive experience as a psychological basis of intellectual giftedness. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 40(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353216686214
Ta, A. H., Aarikka-Stenroos, L., & Litovuo, L. (2022). Customer experience in circular economy: Experiential dimensions among consumers of reused and recycled clothes. Sustainability, 14(1), 509. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14010509
Tarka, P., Kukar-Kinney, M., & Harnish, R. J. (2022). Consumers' personality and compulsive buying behavior: The role of hedonistic shopping experiences and gender in mediating-moderating relationships. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 64, 102828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102828
Vancic, G. P. (2020). Changed buying behavior in the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Business and Marketing, 7(3), 22–30.
Zhang, J. (2019). Factors influencing consumer purchasing behavior of natural cosmetics [Bachelor’s thesis, Linnaeus University]. DiVA Portal. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-87491
Zhang, J., & Zhou, M. (2019). Factors influencing consumer purchasing behavior of natural cosmetics. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 11(3), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v11n3p42
Zhouyan, L. (2020). The influence of social media marketing on the behavior of consumers purchasing cosmetic products: A comparative study of China and Sweden. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 12(2), 89–100.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Array